Premature ovarian failure - Rebalance Clinic

What is Premature Ovarian Failure?

Premature ovarian failure (POF), also known as primary ovarian insufficiency, is a condition that affects females usually before the age of 40. It is characterized by the loss of normal ovarian function due to the depletion of ovarian follicles. This results in low estrogen levels and amenorrhea (absence of menstrual periods).

The exact causes of POF are often unknown, but it can occur due to:

• Genetic factors - abnormalities in the X chromosome or certain genes can disrupt normal ovarian function
• Autoimmune disease - the body's immune system attacks the ovaries
• Infections - such as malaria and tuberculosis
• Cancer treatments - chemotherapy and radiation therapy

Some key signs and symptoms of POF include:

• Irregular or missed menstrual periods
• Hot flashes
• Vaginal dryness
• Difficulty conceiving a child
• Loss of bone density at an early age

POF is usually diagnosed with a blood test that measures follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) levels. Imaging tests and genetic testing may also be done to rule out other causes.

Treatment for POF centers around managing symptoms and long term health. Options include:

• Hormone replacement therapy with estrogen/progesterone to help protect bone health and relieve menopausal symptoms
• Counseling and emotional support
• Treatment of any underlying autoimmune or other disorder
• Egg donation/surrogacy may be possible for achieving pregnancy

The outlook for women with POF varies. In some cases, periods and fertility may spontaneously return temporarily, but the long term prognosis is still reduced ovarian function. With treatment, many women can manage POF symptoms fairly well. However, risks such as osteoporosis and heart disease may still be increased. Remaining vigilant about health screening and protective care is important.

For further information or to schedule an appointment, please contact Rebalance Clinic.